History of the day.

Home / Press-service / News / Daily News

History of the day.

14.02.2025 14.02.2025 406

Babur was born on February 14, 1483, in the city of Andijan, into the family of Umar Sheikh Mirza, the ruler of the Fergana Valley, and Malika Qutluq Nigor Khanum, who belonged to the Chinggisid lineage. The word "Babur" comes from Persian, meaning "babr," which translates to "panther" or "tiger." Babur's father, Umar Sheikh Mirza, was a descendant of Amir Timur, being the great-grandson of Timur’s third son, Miran Shah Mirza. Babur's mother, Qutluq Nigor Khanum, was the daughter of Mongol ruler Yunus Khan.

Like all royal princes, Zahiriddin Muhammad Babur received his education and upbringing at his father’s court. However, he was orphaned at an early age when his father, Umar Sheikh Mirza, tragically died in 1494. At just 12 years old, Babur was forced to ascend the throne.

Between 1519 and 1525, Babur waged multiple military campaigns to conquer India, eventually establishing his rule there. The dynasty he founded became one of the largest in history and ruled India for over 350 years.

During Babur’s reign, India flourished—literature, arts, and architecture thrived. His descendants continued his legacy, making India one of the most powerful states of the era. Babur's significance in Indian history is immense. The prominent Indian scholar Jawaharlal Nehru once wrote, “After Babur’s arrival in India, significant changes took place, and a fresh wave of inspiration revitalized life, arts, and architecture, intertwining various cultural spheres.”

However, Babur did not live long. In 1530, he passed away in Agra at the age of 47. According to legend, his eldest son, Humayun Mirza, fell seriously ill. For three days and nights, Babur prayed, asking God to transfer his son’s illness to him. Humayun recovered, but soon after, Zahiriddin Muhammad Babur passed away.